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140 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 140
Association of schizophrenia with variants of genes that encode transcription factors

Abstract (Expand)

Transcription factors c-Fos, c-Jun, and Ier5 are important regulators of neuronal plasticity and immune response. In the present work, several single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes that encode … c-Fos-,c-Jun-, and Ier5 (FOS, JUN, and IER5, respectively) were investigated for potential association with schizophrenia. DNA samples obtained from patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction with allele-specific primers. It was shown that FOS rs1063169, FOS rs7101, JUN rs11688, and IER5 rs6425663 polymorphisms were associated with schizophrenia. In particular, the risk of schizophrenia was decreased in carriers of the minor alleles FOS rs1063169*T, JUN rs11688*A, and IER5 rs6425663*T, but increased in carriers of the FOS rs7101*T minor variant, especially in homozygotes.

Authors: A. S. Boyajyan, S. A. Atshemyan, R. V. Zakharyan

Date Published: 11th Dec 2015

Publication Type: Journal

Epigenetic Heterogeneity of B-Cell Lymphoma: Chromatin Modifiers.

Abstract (Expand)

We systematically studied the expression of more than fifty histone and DNA (de)methylating enzymes in lymphoma and healthy controls. As a main result, we found that the expression levels of nearly all … enzymes become markedly disturbed in lymphoma, suggesting deregulation of large parts of the epigenetic machinery. We discuss the effect of DNA promoter methylation and of transcriptional activity in the context of mutated epigenetic modifiers such as EZH2 and MLL2. As another mechanism, we studied the coupling between the energy metabolism and epigenetics via metabolites that act as cofactors of JmjC-type demethylases. Our study results suggest that Burkitt's lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell Lymphoma differ by an imbalance of repressive and poised promoters, which is governed predominantly by the activity of methyltransferases and the underrepresentation of demethylases in this regulation. The data further suggest that coupling of epigenetics with the energy metabolism can also be an important factor in lymphomagenesis in the absence of direct mutations of genes in metabolic pathways. Understanding of epigenetic deregulation in lymphoma and possibly in cancers in general must go beyond simple schemes using only a few modes of regulation.

Authors: Lydia Hopp, Lilit Nersisyan, Henry Löffler-Wirth, Arsen Arakelyan, Hans Binder

Date Published: 21st Oct 2015

Publication Type: Journal

Differential induction of total IgE by two Salmonella enterica serotypes.

Abstract (Expand)

The main goal of this study was to establish how the inflammation caused by infection with two different Salmonella enterica serotypes, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, may lead to the predisposition … to allergy as measured by total IgE level in the blood. Infection by S. Typhimurium did not affect the systemic IgE concentration while in S. Enteritidis-infected patients there was a significant 3.5-fold increase. This effect was especially profound in patients >4 years old, with up to the 8-fold increase above the norm. The degree of dysbiosis in these two infections measured with the comparative counts of cultivated bacteria showed an inverse relationship with the IgE concentration. Earlier we reported the elevated level of IL-17 in patients infected by S. Enteritidis. In the current study a significant correlation was found between the concentrations of IL-17 and IgE suggesting a possible role played by this cytokine in triggering the production of IgE in response to S. Enteritidis infection.

Authors: Zhanna A Ktsoyan, Mkhitar S Mkrtchyan, Magdalina K Zakharyan, Armine A Mnatsakanyan, Karine A Arakelova, Zaruhi U Gevorgyan, Lusntag A Ktsoyan, Anahit Ì Sedrakyan, Alvard I Hovhannisyan, Karine A Ghazaryan, Anna S Boyajyan, Rustam I Aminov

Date Published: 26th May 2015

Publication Type: Journal

A study of lymphoid organs and serum proinflammatory cytokines in pigs infected with African swine fever virus genotype II.

Abstract (Expand)

African swine fever virus (ASFV), the causative agent of one of the most important viral diseases of domestic pigs for which no vaccine is available, causes immune system disorders in infected animals. … In this study, the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as the histological and cellular constitution of lymphoid organs of pigs infected with ASFV genotype II were investigated. The results showed a high degree of lymphocyte depletion in the lymphoid organs, particularly in the spleen and lymph nodes, where ASFV infection led to a twofold decrease in the number of lymphocytes on the final day of infection. Additionally, ASFV-infected pigs had atypical forms of lymphocytes found in all lymphoid organs. In contrast to lymphocytes, the number of immature immune cells, particularly myelocytes, increased dramatically and reached a maximum on day 7 postinfection. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were evaluated. Proinflammatory cytokines showed increased levels after ASFV infection, with peak values at 7 days postinfection, and this highlights their role in the pathogenesis of ASFV. In conclusion, this study showed that ASFV genotype II, like other highly virulent strains, causes severe pathological changes in the immune system of pigs.

Authors: Hovakim Zakaryan, Victorya Cholakyans, Lusine Simonyan, Alla Misakyan, Elena Karalova, Andranik Chavushyan, Zaven Karalyan

Date Published: 24th Mar 2015

Publication Type: Journal

Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland.

Abstract (Expand)

Background: The peopling of Europe and the nature of the Neolithic agricultural migration as a primary issue in the modern human colonization of the globe is still widely debated. At present, much … uncertainty is associated with the reconstruction of the routes of migration for the first farmers from the Near East. In this context, hospitable climatic conditions and the key geographic position of the Armenian Highland suggest that it may have served as a conduit for several waves of expansion of the first agriculturalists from the Near East to Europe and the North Caucasus. Results: Here, we assess Y-chromosomal distribution in six geographically distinct populations of Armenians that roughly represent the extent of historical Armenia. Using the general haplogroup structure and the specific lineages representing putative genetic markers of the Neolithic Revolution, haplogroups R1b1a2, J2, and G, we identify distinct patterns of genetic affinity between the populations of the Armenian Highland and the neighboring ones north and west from this area. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, we suggest a new insight on the different routes and waves of Neolithic expansion of the first farmers through the Armenian Highland. We detected at least two principle migratory directions: (1) westward alongside the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea and (2) northward to the North Caucasus. Keywords: Armenian Highland; Neolithic migration; Y chromosome.

Authors: Anahit Hovhannisyan, Zaruhi Khachatryan, Marc Haber, Peter Hrechdakian, Tatiana Karafet, Pierre Zalloua, Levon Yepiskoposyan

Date Published: 30th Nov 2014

Publication Type: Journal

CyKEGGParser: tailoring KEGG pathways to fit into systems biology analysis workflows.

Abstract (Expand)

The KEGG pathway database is a widely accepted source for biomolecular pathway maps. In this paper we present the CyKEGGParser app ( http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/cykeggparser) for Cytoscape 3 that … allows manipulation with KEGG pathway maps. Along with basic functionalities for pathway retrieval, visualization and export in KGML and BioPAX formats, the app provides unique features for computer-assisted adjustment of inconsistencies in KEGG pathway KGML files and generation of tissue- and protein-protein interaction specific pathways. We demonstrate that using biological context-specific KEGG pathways created with CyKEGGParser makes systems biology analysis more sensitive and appropriate compared to original pathways.

Authors: L. Nersisyan, R. Samsonyan, A. Arakelyan

Date Published: 13th Nov 2014

Publication Type: Journal

Evaluation of hemostaseological status of pigs experimentally infected with African swine fever virus.

Abstract (Expand)

African swine fever is a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Hemorrhages are the most frequently reported lesions in acute and subacute forms of … ASF. Hemorrhagic lesions are accompanied by impaired hemostasis, which includes thrombocytopenia and changes in the coagulation system. In the present study, experimental infection was conducted to elucidate whether a highly virulent ASFV genotype II circulating in the Trans-Caucasus and Eastern Europe affects the hemostasis of infected pigs. Platelet count changes and platelet size, as well as coagulation parameters were evaluated upon experimental infection. In contrast to other ASFV strains, ASFV genotype II showed a significant decrease in the number of platelets from 3rd dpi onwards. Furthermore, a decrease in platelet size was observed throughout the entire period of experiment. A significant increase in the number of platelet aggregates was observed from the beginning of infection. Unlike other ASFV strains, ASFV genotype II induced a slight shortening of an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) throughout the experiment. Thrombin time (TT) was prolonged from day 5 onwards, whereas no changes in prothrombin time (PT) were found upon infection. The level of d-dimers was permanently higher than in control with a peak on day 3 post-infection. ASFV induced a significant decrease in the level of fibrinogen from day 5 till the end of experiment. Thus, it can be concluded that ASFV genotype II isolated in Armenia affects the hemostasis of infected pigs and causes changes that differ from that of other ASFV strains described previously.

Authors: Hovakim Zakaryan, Elena Karalova, Henrik Voskanyan, Zarine Ter-Pogossyan, Narek Nersisyan, Astghik Hakobyan, David Saroyan, Zaven Karalyan

Date Published: 7th Nov 2014

Publication Type: Journal

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